Binndi Pulaar

He rogere adannde ndee en kaaliino jey sabaabu waɗde en ndee winndannde ko joɗnde waɗnoode ñalnde Hooreebiir 26 Seeɗto (Abril) joɗnde mawnde jooɗinoonde to gooto he Hotelaaji Ndakaaru (Sea Plaza) ngam yuɓɓinde yeewtere he ko yowitii he diine e renndo. Tiitoonde yeewtere ndee ene waawi firdeede: « Njuɓɓudi renndo tuugnaade he Qur’aan,  yiyannde Alhajji Sayku Umar Al-Fuutiyyu Tall e Imam Seyyed Ruuhullah Khomyni. Yuɓɓini yeewtere ndee ko Fedde annduɓe (seernaɓe Islaam) Senegalnaaɓe walla no nde ɓuri lollirde la Ligue Islamique des Oulémas du Sénégal/ رابطة علماء المسلمين في السنغال nde ardii ɗum Ceerno Madaani Muntaga Taal e yuɓɓo Irannaaɓe hono duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde winndereyeewal Al-Mustafaa.

En njubbiino seeɗe e hol ko woni ngaal duɗal jaaɓihaaɗtirde biyeengal Al-Mustafaa, e hol darnde maggal? Caggal en kaalii he gooto e yimɓe Allah mo joɗnde ndee wiyi joɗɗini ɗum ko haalde yiyannde mum he renndo e Islaam, oon woni Alhaji Sayku Umar Tall Geɗal Fuuta. Mo awluɓe ɓee mbiyata: Waliyal waliyaaɓe, Ceernal sernaaɓe, koɗo subaka jom wuro naange e hoore. En njuɓɓi kadi seeɗa he daartol leydi makko Bilaad As-Suudan walla mbiyen Ɓaliiri Afrik. Waɗde he ndee rogere ma en ɓur yaajnaade e neɗɗo Allah goɗɗo oo, Imam Seyyed Ayatollah Ruuhullah Khomyni, e daartol leydi makko Iraan hayso ko he moralla jiire. Ma en ƴeew jaabaade laaɓndal tiitoonde ndee, “Hol ko waɗi Iraan ene Ƴama leyɗeele Afrik, so ngayni mbaɗe tonngol men.

Iraan he nder Daartol

Iran ko leydi ɓooyndi ndi daartol laamuuji e pine mum ene yahaa haa he niɓɓere jamaanu. Ene jeyaa e laamuuji maɓɓe ɓurnoongu mawnude e dowlude laamu Faaris (Empire Persane walla Achaemenid).

  Laamu Perse, teeŋti noon e Laamu Achaemenid, ko laamu Iraan mawngu, keewnoongu semmbe, darnanoongu hedde 550 haa 330 ko adii jibineede Iysaa. Sosi ngu ko Sirus mawɗo, ngu yaaji  sanne he nder sahaa daɓɓo, ngu renndonii kadi nokkuuji e pine keewɗe. He naangee hoore maggu ko kanngu wonno laamu ɓurngu yaajde he nder aduna he. Njaajeeki maggu ene wona 5.5 miliyon kilometeer. Tuggude leyɗeele Balkan (Orop), Ejipt (Afrik), Hiirnaange kam e hakkundeere Asi, Maayo Indo (Indo, Pakistan e Afganistan), Worgo Asi (Bangladesh) fof wonnoo ko he njiimaandi maggu.

Laamu nguu ina anndiraa sabu njuɓɓudiiji mum teskinndi, haa arti noon e “Kallu Laamɗo”, ko kalluuji peraaɗi, he yonta laamɗo  maɓɓe Darius (Daryus) ngam newnude jokkondire e njulaagu hakkunde diiwe ɗee. Nelaaɓe nawatnooɓe ɓateekeeji laamu (Angaros walla Angarium) ene njahatnoo 2699 Km, hakkunde Susa e Sardis hakke lewbi tati, kono caggal nde kalluuji ɗii peraa waɗɗiiɓe mbaɗti wadde ɗum he nder balɗe jeenay. Laamu ngu kadi ene teskoranoo muñal mum e dawrugol mum wonde  udditaniingu diineeji e pine ceertuɗe sabu ko ngu jiimnoo he leñɗi keewɗi ceertuɗi pine e diineeji.

Laamu nguu fuɗɗii waaltaade ko he yonta laamɗo maɓɓe Xerxes, dañnooɗo caɗeele ummoraade e laamuuji-saarankeeji (Cité-État) Gerek en haa caggal ɗuum Aleksanndar Mawɗo (Alexandre le Grand), honi Faaris, heɓti laamu ngu he 334 ko adii jibineede Iysaa.   

Islaam he nder Iraan

Islaamiyankaagal Iraan fuɗɗii ko e jiimgol laamu juulɓe he dow Iraan, nde Kaliifaaɓe Rashiduun en koni laamu Sasaniyankooɓe . Ko he daawal juutngal noon ɗuum waɗi. Haysinno ɗo adan ɗoo Iraannaaɓe njattininooma calii jaɓde diine Islaam caggal poolgu juulɓe ɓe he dow Saasaniyankooɓe ne, Faarisnaaɓe ɓe ɓee e leñɗi  Iraannaaɓe goɗɗi ɗii naati he Islaam haa ɗo sakket ɗoo ko ɗuum ɓuri jaalaade toon.

  Hay so tawii ko aaraboɗinde (saaytude he aarabaagal) wonno maande ɓurnde teskinde he leyɗeele ɗe Islaam honatnoo he fuɗɗoode mum (yeru, Ejipta, Siri walla Iraak) ɗuum alaa batte maantinɗe e nder leydi Iraan hono no waɗiri he nokkuuji goɗɗi nii, sabu yimɓe leydi Iraan ina njokki e jogaade aadaaji mum en keewɗi ko adii lislaam, ko wayi no ɗemngal mum en e pinal mum en , hay so tawii noon ko e mbaydiiji ngam yahdude e diine Keso o, hono Islaam. Iraannaaɓe ƴelliti pinal kesal mahi ngal he Lislaam tawi ko he mbaydi keeriindi wonandeɓe, joñcirngal aarabaagal bannge haa jibin ko daartiyankooɓe ɓee noddirta “Jibtinegol Faaris” (Intermezzo Iraan walla Renaissance persane he ɗemngal Farayse).

Renndo Iraan Kiiɗɗo Kesɗitiniraaɗo Islaam

 sabu caaktogol Lislaam , ko ɗum addani ngenndi ndii jogaade batte no feewi e pinal, ganndal, e politik ; piindugol binndol coñce he ɗemngal Persi, filosofi , safaara , e naalankaagal walla mbiyen ŋeeñal (art) wonti geɗe mawɗe e nder Lislaam e nder leydi Iraan.

Yantude e ndonu maɓɓe pinal e neesu fotde duuɓi ujunnaaje limtinɗe, e wonde nokku boli-potti hakkunde pine mawɗe he nder Fuɗnaange Ɓadiiɗo, addanii Iraan wonde yeeso he ƴellitaare pinal e neesu he yonta noddirteeɗo “Yonta Kaŋŋeejo Lislaam” he tuma nde laamɓe Abbaasiyankooɓe ngardii dowla Islaam. 

Ɓe ngaddi ballal mawngal he ƴellitde pinal e ganndal he nder renndo Islaam, yeru ko wayno ganndal filosofo, safaara, daartol,coñce, nganndineewal, Gannde Hiisiwe, e mbewu. Kono kadi to bannge diine ko ɓuri heewde e annduɓe Islaam lulluɓe ko he leñɗi Iraannaaɓe njeya. Eɗen mbaawi limde heen ko wayno Imam al-Bukhaarii, Imam Muslim, Abuu Daawuud, Imam al-Bayhqi, Abu Nuaym, to bannge hadiis; Abu Haniifa (Fiqh) Abdul Qaadir al-Jaylaani (Suufiyanke), Abul Mansuur al-Maturidi (Kalaam, Aqiidah) Al-Baghawi (Tafsiir), Imam Abu Hamiid Al-Ghasaali (Filosof, Usuuli, Suufiyanke), Sibwayha (ɗemɗiyanke, nahwuyanke), Fakhruddiin al-Raazi e Al-Farabi en (Kalaam, Filosofi) e Jaabir Ibn Hayyaan (Algebre) Ibn Siina lollirɗo Avicenna he binndi tuubakooɓe (filosof, doktoraagal), so en inni heen seeɗa tan e ɓurɓe lollude ɓe. Kono so neɗɗo haali pinal e ganndal he nder neesu Islaam, haysinno ɗemngal mum ko arabeere ne, ko ɓuri heewde e ƴellitɓe ɗum njeyaa ko he leñɗi Faarisnaaɓe. Ko ɗuum ni waɗi daartol Islaam walla pinal Islaam wiyetaake daartol walla pinal arabeeɓe, nde tawnoo ɗiɗi ɗii fof mahi ɗum en ko leñɗi keewɗi ceertuɗi, kadi Iraannaɓe ene njogii heen geɗal mawngal.

Hakkunde teeminannde 7ɓiire e teeminannde 16ɓiire, ko juulɓe sunniyankooɓe ɓurnoo heewde he nder Iraannaaɓe, kono ɗum wayliima nde Safavid en mbaɗti Iraan Lislaam Shi’a, ɗum noon jibinii mbayliigu renndoyankeewu hesu wonande ngenndi ndii. Ɗum noon, Lislaam Shi’a ina heddii e doolnude e nder leydi Iraan hannde ndii , ɗo ɗum woni diine laawakeejo (religion officielle), ɗoon haa nder leydi Iraak e Aserbayjan (Azerbaijan) gonnooɗe hanki he njiimaandi Iran.

Rewolison Islaamiyanke mo Iraan

Rewolison Iraan (Perse : انقلاب ایران , Enqlâb – e Irân), anndiraande kadi Rewolison 1979 , walla Rewolison Lislaam hitaande 1979 ( انقلابل اسلام ) ko filñitaare jibinnde  liɓgol Dowla Laamɗo Iraan, laamu ndonu Pahlavi e hooreejo mum Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Pahlavi lomtinaa ko diineyanke Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini cosɗo laamu diineyankeewu (Republique Islaamique theocratique) Iraan. Ko he laamu Mohammad Reza Pahlavi laamu ndonu (Monarchie/Royaume) gasi he nder Iran caggal teeminanɗe limtinɗe he nder daartol maɓɓe.

Caggal kuudetaa Iraan e hitaande 1953, Pahlavi jokkondiri Iraan e Bloc Occidental, o mahi jokkondiral tiiɗngal e Amerik ngam semmbinde doole makko wonde laamɗo doolnuɗo (autoritaire) . E tuugnaade e ballal Amerik no feewi he tuma ganndiranooɗo wolde ɓuuɓnde (guerre froide) o woni Shah Iraan fotde duuɓi 26, o haɗi leydi ndii naayoraade feewde e doole Bloc Oriental e Dental Sowiyet . Puɗɗagol hitaande 1963, Pahlavi waɗii peeje keewɗe ngam ƴellitde Iraan e nder golle ɗe nganndu-ɗaa fayndaare mum en ko waylude renndo Iraan to bannge faggudu e mahanteeje (infrastructure) kono kadi bannge renndo, pinal e diine kanum e wellitaare rewɓe. Sabu luutndaade nguun ɗoon mbayliigu, Khomeini riiwaa e leydi Iraan e hitaande 1964. Kono, nde wonnoo luural miijooji ina jokki hakkunde Pahlavi e Khomeini, seppooji mawɗi luutndiiɗi laamu puɗɗii waɗde he lewru Yarkomaa/oktoobar 1977, ƴellitii haa wonti kampaañ luutndo siwil tawi ina jeyaa heen kominist  en, sosiyaalist en , e lislaamiyankooɓe. E lewru Juko 1978, maayde fotde 400 neɗɗo e nder yiite Cinema Rex ɓe luutndo ngoo wiyi ko SAVAK mo Pahlavi yuɓɓini ɗum —hayso tawii won tuumooɓe ko Islamiyankooɓe ɓee- waɗii sabaabu dille rewolison jaajɗe, filñitaare e seppooji ndartini golle leydi ndii kala he ko heddinoo he ndeen hitaande.

Ñalnde 16 lewru bowte hitaande 1979, Shah Pahlavi laamɗo ndonu Iraan cakkitiiɗo o dogi, o acci golle makko e juuɗe Diiso doosɗe Iraan kanum e Sappuur Bakhcaar (Shapour Bakhtiar),  gardiiɗo jaagorɗe jeyanooɗo lutlndo he. Ñalnde 1Colte (feebariyee) 1979, Khomeini arti, caggal noddaango laamu ngu ;  miliyoŋaaji keewɗi yimɓe njaɓɓoyiimo nde o jippii to Teheran. Haa ñalnde 11 feebariyee, laamu nguu jippinaa, Khomeini ƴetti ngardiigu ngu tawi geriyaaɓe e konu murtuɓe pooli konu Pahlavi nguu he hare. Caggal suɓngooji (référendum)  lewru Mbooy/mars 1979, ɗo 98% njaɓi waylude laamu nguu mbaɗti ɗum  laamu (Republique) Islaamiyankeejo , laamu kesu nguu fuɗɗii winndude doosgal leydi Islaamiyankeewal Iraan hannde ngal . Iraan wonti leydi ndi laamu Islaamiyankeewu, fawaade he yiyannde Shi’a en Islaam tawi ko he gardogol goomu diisnondiral seernaaɓe (Velâyat-e Faqih).

Sarde Bile mum he nder Afrik Worgo Saharaa

He les mbeelu jaajnogol Risi he nder Afrik, teeŋti he rewrude he fedde mum en yoɓee-fella en anndiraaɓe Wagner, walla hono no Siin ni, mo ngannduɗaa ɓooyii sarde bibje mum he nder Afrik kanum e Fuɗnaange Hakkundeejo, leydi Iraan ne nana duña cokki mum he nder jookdu he ko ene wona jooni duuɓi keewɗi, teeŋti gila nde laamɗo maɓɓe maayɗo he aksidaa helikopteer o, Ibraahiim Raysii ƴettunooɗo laamu he lewru Juko 2021 oo jooɗii.

Fawaade he ɗowgol peeje kesol ngol hooreejo leydi Iraan kiiɗɗo o, Ibraahiim Raysi ƴettunoo tiindinde he Afrik, kam e caɗeele dawrugol e geopolitik gonaaɗe he nder jookdu ndu, teeŋti e caltagol leyɗeele Afrik keewɗe gonaangal leydi Farayse e Dowlaaji Dentuɗi he nder keeri mum en, walla heddaade les peeje (influence) mum en, rokkii Iraan waawde ɓeydude jokkondiral mum e ɗeen leyɗeele to bannge dipolomasi, faggudu kam e geɗe diine e pinalyankooje.

Rewrude he geese jaajɗo juɓɓule e pelle,hay boom pelle diineyankeeje naayoriiɗe to dawrugol he woon e nokkuuji, ɗe Iraan ene  huwtoroo ngam jokkondiral, nana wallira Iraan waawde, seeɗe-seeɗe, taƴande hoore mum lowre yaajnde heɗaniiɓe ɗum he nder jookdu Afrik teeŋti noon he worgo sahraa (ɓaleeri Afrik) ɓuri teeŋtude nii kadi to Hiirnaange Afrik haa to leyɗeele Fuɗnaange Worgo Afrik (vallée du grand rift).

Daɗɗugol Iraan jawɗeele mum he nder Afrik ene joganii leydi Islaamiyankoori ndii naafoore he mbaydiiji keewɗi, sabu maa walluɓe waawde mahde kuutondire keewɗe ngartam, kono kadi tawa heen sahaaji ko ɗum liggondiral estaraateejiwal ko wayno waawde heɓde urañom ummoraade leydi Nijeer. Geɗel goɗngel ngel, ko ɗuum ni woni sabaabu winndannde nde, sabu ko ɗuum woni ko njiɗɗen jeertinde, woni Iraan nana tafa he nder renndooji ɗeen leyɗeele ɗe njoofiɗen, yimɓe ɓe ɓerɗe mum en ene naayoroo he tabitinde nafoore mum walla kam e jinngande ɗum he reende nafooje (intere) mum. Tawa kadi ɓeen ko dowrowɓe walla waawɓe jogaade konnguɗi he dawro leyɗeele mum en.

He ndiin mbaydi, koomtirgol diine ko feere mawnde waawnde wallude sanne, ko ɗuum waɗi, rewrude he duɗe diineyankooje e juɓɓule keewɗe ɗe Iraan tafi he nder Afrik, ngaddanii Iraan waawde wallude he jaajnugol laawol Shi’a Islaam he nder jookdu he. Huunde ko ngannduɗaa ko fartaŋŋe mawɗo wonandeɓe waawde faggaade yiɗɓe e jinngooɓe heewɓe, hono no ɓe ndañirnoo ɗum to Fuɗnaange Hakkundeejo, ko wayno Hesbullah to Liban, Hamas to Palastiin, Hutti en to Yamen walla ko wayno laamu Basaar al-Asad to Suriya.

Ɗeen juɓɓule  diineyankeeje laamu Iraan huutortoo ngam yuɓɓinde jeewte dingire (conferences), kewuuji diine walla dawrugol, tawa ko he ballondiral e pelle ɗe ɓe jokkondiri he ɗiin nokkuuji yantude e jumaaji, duɗe janngirɗe, he galleeji pinal Islaam (Centre Culturelle Islamique) ɗi ɓe cosi he nder ko ɓuri heewde he nder jookdu ndu ɓe kuutortoo ngam sarde yiyannde maɓɓe walla mbiyen influence maɓɓe he nder ɗeen leyɗeele.

Doole goɗɗe kadi “Semmbe Ɗaatɗo” ɗe ɓe kuwtortoo ko pelle ballooje ko wayno Croissant Rouge, Comité de secours de l’ imama Khomeini ngam addude balle keewɗe renndoyankeeje, ko wayno balle fayde he miskineeɓe walla ko yowitii he safaara he nder leyɗeele keewɗe he nder jookdu he.

So en ngartii he yuɓɓooji maɓɓe diineyankeeji, heen ɗiɗi ɓurɗi mawnude ko Yuɓɓo pinal e jokkondire Islaam (Organisation de la culture et des relations islamiques-OCRI) yowitiingo he jaagorgal Iraan kalfinaangal pinal e peewal Islaam ( Ministère de la Culture et de l’Orientation islamique), e Duɗal jaaɓihaaɗtirde Al-Mustafaa, ngal en kaaliino, ko kanum heblata hoɓɓe (ɓe ngonaa Iraannaaɓe) ngam haa mbaawa wonde seernaaɓe e  noddooɓe (da’i walla missionaire) sariiɓe he nder aduna hee kala. OCRI kanum toppitii cañondiral golle pelle Iraannaaje ceertuɗe dillooje he ko fayti he diine e pinal caggal leydi. Yeru teskinɗo he golle OCRI ko ɓooyaani ko ardaade termondiral e laamu Nijeriya guuftugal he jaɓgol laamu Nijeriya ɓeydude ɗemngal Parsi he ɗemɗe janngeteeɗe he nder Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Abuja.

Nijeriya ene jeyaa e leyɗeele ɗo influence Iraan ɓuri jaalaade he nder Afrik. Rewrude he pelle ɗe kaalɗen dow ɗee, Tehran ene wallita pelle diine e dawrugol he nder Nijeriya ko wayno waalde Ibraheem Yaqoub Zakzaky tafanoonde gila 1984, noddatnoonde he baylugol lamu Nijeriya waɗta ɗum republik Islaamiyanke. Ko he oon tuma laawol Shi’a Islaam fuɗɗi anndee toon, ko adii ɗuum hay gooto anndaano Shi’a. Kono hannde ene wiyee ɓe ɓurii miliyoŋaaji tati kadi yimɓe ene njokki naatde heen.

Ko hono noon, eɗen nganndi leyɗeele bayɗe no Senegaal en, ko adii 1979, hayso Shi’a en ene tawee toon ko safalɓe Libannaaɓe e Suriyanaaɓe, hannde eɗon tesko eɓe keewi keewal jiytiniingal tawi saabii ɗuum ko golle e ndarnde leydi Iraan rewrude he pelle ɗe kaalɗen ɗe.

Tonngol

En podaniino tarotoo men artude he darnde Iraan he nder golwole kuɓɓooje hannde he nder jookdu Afrik ɗe, teeŋti to leydi Suudaan, kono sabu añde woɗɗitaade fayndaare men he ndee ɗoo winndannde, en pellitii yowde ɗuum, ene wona waɗoyee winndannde woɗnde heeriinde.

Hol ko njeertinten he nder ndee ɗoo winndannde? En kaali wonnde Bilaad As-Suudaan walla Ɓaleeri Afrik, leydi ɗo Seyku Umar jeyaa kadi o noddi jihadi makko walla mbiyen o tafi laamu Islaamuyankeewu ɗo, ko leydi njaajndi, ɓooyndi, njogiindi daartol ɓooyngol. Ko leydi kadi ndi ene anndaa l’islaam naatii he mum gila he teeminannde 8ɓere. Kadi so alaano ko faddii fodoore mayri teppi koyɗe mayri, haɗi ndi yettoyaade he kuccam mayri, yaama hannde e ndi waawnoo jogaade yeeso woɗngo he nder daartol ko wonaa ngo ndi anndiraa hanndi ngo. Kono hay ɓeen Sammba noddaaka nooti en, ngaraano tan ene mbakki silameeje e fetelaaji ene mbiya kala dilluɗo fof min taƴa. Alaa, ɓe ngardi ko jam, fuunti e belaade, njulaagu e gostondiral, heen sahaaji ni hay cehilaagal e jonngidiigu (protectora). Ɓe kolli en jeese maɓɓe jamfanteeɓe ko maɓe peewnitii, tawi ɓe nganndii en ndokkiiɓe hoolaare men. Ko ndeen ɓe mbaɗti waawnude en he ko maɓɓe e haɗtude en ko men. Ɓe mbiy en ngonaa so wonaa ko ɓe mbaɗi en. Diineeji men, aadaaji men, pine men e ɗemɗe men fof ɓe mbiyi eɓe itta e men ɓe lomtina ko maɓɓe he dow men.Ngontuɗen momtaaɓe haa laaɓi ala ko heddi e men so wonaa jimmeeji men. Nduun sawru ndu Orop liibrirnoo Afrik waɗi haa jooni koyɗe mum nana ndagga-ndaggina ene ronki dartaade.

Iraan ne en kaalii, ko leydi ɓooyndi ndi pinal e daartol mum ene yaha haa he niɓɓere yontaaji. No kala leyɗeele nayeeje, Iraan ene waɗa yana-ummoo he nder daartol, kono ko ndi leydi saliindi maayde, daɗeede e hooneede. Ko ndi leydi yiɗndi jogaade darnde toownde he nder leyɗeele e pine winndere. Hono no leyɗeele koloñaal Orop cukkuɗe kine Afrik hannde ene kaɗi ɗum foofde ɗee ni, Iraan ko leydi njiɗndi jiimde e hoonaade. So ngoonga ala leydi fof jaldateendi yiɗde rimɗude e waawde fewjande hoore mum, so dañii nii fewjana hay banndum en, kono Afrik fotaani hankadi wonde tuggorgal walla ƴaañorgal hay gooto.

Afrik fotaani jaɓde hankadi kala doondiiɗo pinal mum rootoo he dow men, kala ɗemngal ngaddana ɗen jaggen njanngen ngoppen ɗe men, kala diine walla yiyannde nguurndam ngaddana ɗen fof ɓurana en ko ngoownoɗen ko ngannduno ɗen.

Hanki ɓadiiɗo won arnooɓe e men, ene ngardi musiɗɗaagal diine mbiy ene mballa en. Ɓe ngaddi ngaluuji petrol mo Allah moƴƴirannooɓe, ɓe mahani en jamaaji, jumaaji e duɗe Qur’aan. Ɓe ngasi boyli, ɓe mbaɗi robiñaaji; ɓe mballi baayeeɓe e alyatimaaɓe. Nde ɓe ngoowni ɓerɗe men e hakkillaaji men hoolaade ɓe tottuɗen ɓe ɓiyɓe men yo ɓe naw leyɗeele maɓɓe ɓe njannginoyaa ɗum en. Nde ɓeen ngarti mbaɗti ko wiyde ko jibnaaɓe mum ko he bidaa ngoni walla nii ko heeferɓe. Ko ɓeen nehoyanooɓe he ɗeen leyɗeele mbarata juulɓe hannde he nder jamaaji ene ubbita janaale waliyaaɓe hannde he nder Saahal. Afrik foti saltaade nehaneede ɓesngu mum. Afrik fotii nattude jaɓde holleede ko woɗɓe suuɗee ko mum.

Hol ko waɗi Iraan ene ƴama leyɗeele Afrik? Rogere 1